What is the FIRE Movement?
Financial Independence, Retire Early (FIRE) is a lifestyle movement with the goal of gaining financial independence and retiring decades before standard timelines. The foundational premise is aggressively saving 50-75% of your income to rapidly reach a portfolio size that can sustain your living expenses indefinitely through passive compound interest.
Core FIRE Mechanics
The 25x Rule
To determine your FIRE number, you multiply your annual living expenses by 25. If you spend $40k a year, you need $1M invested. This is derived from the 4% Safe Withdrawal Rate.
Aggressive Savings Rate
Standard retirement planners suggest a 10-15% savings rate. FIRE adherents aim for 50% or more, often by utilizing geographic arbitrage, driving older cars, and slashing housing costs.
LeanFIRE vs FatFIRE
LeanFIRE involves living strictly on the bare minimum (e.g., $30k/yr). FatFIRE assumes a highly comfortable lifestyle requiring a much larger portfolio (e.g., $100k+/yr).